Sunday, November 17, 2013

The Certainty of God's Judgment: Revelation 8:1-9:21


I really feel like the bearer of bad news today.   I say this because in Revelation 8:1-9:21, John recorded the outpouring of God’s judgment upon the world.  But John recorded these things in order to encourage believers and to call unbelievers to repentance.  This bad news was actually good news to the original readers.  We too live in a day when a message about God’s judgment is very unpopular.  However, believers need a Bible saturated view of God and the world that will help them see God’s judgments as an encouragement and unbelieves need to heed the call to repent in light of God’s coming judgment.  One thing we will see today is how this passage echoes the Exodus story in order to point to a greater Exodus.  The news of God’s judgment upon Egypt was an encouragement to the Israelite slaves.  Let’s ask God to hear this passage as He intended and to respond Biblically to the certainty of His judgment.
 [8:1] When the Lamb opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven for about half an hour. [2] Then I saw the seven angels who stand before God, and seven trumpets were given to them. [3] And another angel came and stood at the altar with a golden censer, and he was given much incense to offer with the prayers of all the saints on the golden altar before the throne, [4] and the smoke of the incense, with the prayers of the saints, rose before God from the hand of the angel. [5] Then the angel took the censer and filled it with fire from the altar and threw it on the earth, and there were peals of thunder, rumblings, flashes of lightning, and an earthquake.
[6] Now the seven angels who had the seven trumpets prepared to blow them. [7] The first angel blew his trumpet, and there followed hail and fire, mixed with blood, and these were thrown upon the earth. And a third of the earth was burned up, and a third of the trees were burned up, and all green grass was burned up.
[8] The second angel blew his trumpet, and something like a great mountain, burning with fire, was thrown into the sea, and a third of the sea became blood. [9] A third of the living creatures in the sea died, and a third of the ships were destroyed.
[10] The third angel blew his trumpet, and a great star fell from heaven, blazing like a torch, and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water. [11] The name of the star is Wormwood. A third of the waters became wormwood, and many people died from the water, because it had been made bitter.
[12] The fourth angel blew his trumpet, and a third of the sun was struck, and a third of the moon, and a third of the stars, so that a third of their light might be darkened, and a third of the day might be kept from shining, and likewise a third of the night.  [13] Then I looked, and I heard an eagle crying with a loud voice as it flew directly overhead, “Woe, woe, woe to those who dwell on the earth, at the blasts of the other trumpets that the three angels are about to blow!”
[9:1] And the fifth angel blew his trumpet, and I saw a star fallen from heaven to earth, and he was given the key to the shaft of the bottomless pit. [2] He opened the shaft of the bottomless pit, and from the shaft rose smoke like the smoke of a great furnace, and the sun and the air were darkened with the smoke from the shaft. [3] Then from the smoke came locusts on the earth, and they were given power like the power of scorpions of the earth. [4] They were told not to harm the grass of the earth or any green plant or any tree, but only those people who do not have the seal of God on their foreheads. [5] They were allowed to torment them for five months, but not to kill them, and their torment was like the torment of a scorpion when it stings someone. [6] And in those days people will seek death and will not find it. They will long to die, but death will flee from them. [7] In appearance the locusts were like horses prepared for battle: on their heads were what looked like crowns of gold; their faces were like human faces, [8] their hair like women's hair, and their teeth like lions' teeth; [9] they had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the noise of their wings was like the noise of many chariots with horses rushing into battle. [10] They have tails and stings like scorpions, and their power to hurt people for five months is in their tails. [11] They have as king over them the angel of the bottomless pit. His name in Hebrew is Abaddon, and in Greek he is called Apollyon. [12] The first woe has passed; behold, two woes are still to come.
[13] Then the sixth angel blew his trumpet, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden altar before God, [14] saying to the sixth angel who had the trumpet, “Release the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates.” [15] So the four angels, who had been prepared for the hour, the day, the month, and the year, were released to kill a third of mankind. [16] The number of mounted troops was twice ten thousand times ten thousand; I heard their number. [17] And this is how I saw the horses in my vision and those who rode them: they wore breastplates the color of fire and of sapphire and of sulfur, and the heads of the horses were like lions' heads, and fire and smoke and sulfur came out of their mouths. [18] By these three plagues a third of mankind was killed, by the fire and smoke and sulfur coming out of their mouths. [19] For the power of the horses is in their mouths and in their tails, for their tails are like serpents with heads, and by means of them they wound.
[20] The rest of mankind, who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands nor give up worshiping demons and idols of gold and silver and bronze and stone and wood, which cannot see or hear or walk, [21] nor did they repent of their murders or their sorceries or their sexual immorality or their thefts. (Revelation 8:1-9:21 ESV) What is the Biblical Response to the certainty of God’s judgment? 

  1. PRAY (8:1-5)

Once the Lamb opens the seventh seal, there is nothing but “silence” in heaven for about half and hour.  This silence is probably due to the certainty of God’s judgment and the anticipation of God’s kingdom.  Remember that this scroll of destiny, which mainly contains how God will bring the world to its appointed end in judgment, had seven seals, so it is now open and ready to be executed.  The Old Testament often calls for silence when “the day of the LORD” arrives: Be silent before the Lord GOD! For the day of the LORD is near; the LORD has prepared a sacrifice and consecrated his guests. (Zephaniah 1:7 ESV)  Be silent, all flesh, before the LORD, for he has roused himself from his holy dwelling.  (Zechariah 2:13 ESV)
Once this period of silence is over, seven angels step forward and are given seven trumpets that will each signal an outpouring of God’s judgment when blown.  Before the trumpets are sounded, however, another angel comes forward and is given much incense to offer “with the prayers of all the saints” (3).  That the smoke of this offering rises “before God” communicates that God is hearing, savoring, meditating upon, and going to respond to these prayers.  Remember what the saints have been praying for.  It’s found in Revelation 6:10: “O Sovereign Lord, holy and true, how long before you will judge and avenge our blood on those who dwell on the earth?”  They have been praying for their own vindication and the vindication of God’s name so that His kingdom will finally come. 
What I want to point out about this scene is that God here answers the prayers of all the saints by pouring out His wrath upon the world.  His response is His judgment upon the world.  This is what is pictured in the censer being filled with fire and thrown down upon the earth, causing the cataclysmic events we read about in verse 5, as well as the events that take place as the seven trumpets are blown.  This is our first Exodus connection.  We read in Exodus 2:23-25: [23] During those many days the king of Egypt died, and the people of Israel groaned because of their slavery and cried out for help. Their cry for rescue from slavery came up to God. [24] And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. [25] God saw the people of Israel—and God knew.  God answered these prayers by judging Egypt.  God will answer the prayers of all the saints by judging the world. 
Do you pray?  How do you pray?  Do you pray for vindication of God’s name and the suffering of His people?  Perhaps if you truly experienced the persecution and oppression that many of them do, you would.  The children of Israel cried out for deliverance from the Egyptians because they had been slaves there for centuries.  Could it be that such a prayer is foreign to us because we do not truly understand that we too are foreigners in bondage in this world?  May we pray for vindication, for victory, for God’s kingdom to come, and also for the repentance of those who will face the coming judgment of God. 

  1. REPENT (8:6-9:21)

Our second septet, the seven trumpets, is found in 8:6-11:19, and their structure is very similar to the seven seals of 6:1-8:5.  As with the seals, the first four trumpets are grouped together (8:6-12) as well as the last three (8:13: called three “woes”) and there is a break, or interlude, between the sixth trumpet and the seventh.  Again, notice that these trumpets are specifically called “plagues” in 9:20.  This is our second Exodus connection.  These judgments are meant to bring to mind the plagues that God inflicted upon Egypt in the Exodus story.  While not all the details will parallel, these trumpets, which herald the great day of God’s wrath, will globalize the Exodus plagues. 
With the sounding of the first trumpet, a violent hailstorm destroys a third of the earth’s surface.  This somewhat parallels the seventh plague in the Exodus story (Exodus 9:13-26).  With the sounding of the second trumpet, “something like a great mountain” is hurled into the sea, turning a third of the marine waters to blood, killing a third of the sea creatures, and destroying a third of the ships.  The third trumpet likewise signals for “a great star” to fall from heaven, contaminating a third of the world’s fresh waters by making them bitter and apparently poisonous (8:11).  “Wormwood” was a bitter herb well known in John’s day (Jer. 9:15,23:15).  These two trumpets somewhat parallel the first plague in the Exodus story, where the Nile River was turned to blood, devastating the water supply of Egypt (Exodus 7:14-25).  With the sounding of the fourth trumpet, a third of the light of the sun, moon, and stars is struck, causing a significant darkness.  This trumpet somewhat parallels the ninth plague in the Exodus story (Exodus 10:21-29). What these first four trumpets are communicating is a dismantling of the natural world modeled after the Exodus plagues.  One commentator called this a “de-creation,”[1] which would cripple the world just as the plagues crippled Egypt.    
At this point in the vision, “an eagle” (a bird of prey) pronounces a triple “woe” upon rebellious humanity, or “those who dwell upon the earth.”  A woe is a pronouncement of doom, and what is being pronounced is that what has seemed bad up to this point is about to get much worse.  God’s judgments are escalating in their intensity.  With the sounding of the fifth trumpet, another star falls from heaven (probably an angel in this case) and is given a key to the Abyss, or “bottomless pit.”  They Abyss is a place of punishment or confinement of wicked spirits (11:7, 17:8, 20:1-3, Luke 8:31).  When he opens the shaft of the pit, smoke rises, darkening the air and the sun.  Out of this dark smoke comes a plague of locusts that inflict torment upon rebellious humanity.  This recalls the eighth plague of locusts in the Exodus story (Exodus 10:1-20), only these locusts aren’t your average locusts!  Much of this detail is an allusion to Joel 1-2, where Joel is alluding to the Exodus plague as well. 
These locusts are said to have the power of a scorpion’s sting and the ability to inflict torment that lasts for five months, causing a person to wish they were dead but not be able to die.  It is said that in this torment, “people will seek death, and will not find it.  They will long to die, but death will flee from them.”  Sounds like torture doesn’t it?  It is.  These locusts are also said to have a king named “Abbadon,” or “Appollyon,” which mean “Destroyer.”  Here is yet another Exodus connection: the angel of death is called “the destroyer” in Exodus 12:23.  Now I am going to skip some of the details given about the creatures because I am simply not certain what they are meant to communicate.  What is clear is that this trumpet signals some type of demonic plague that will torture all those who do not belong to God.
With the sounding of the sixth trumpet, “the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates” are released, unleashing an army of 200,000,000 troops.  The purpose of this army is to kill a third of mankind with fire, smoke, and sulfur.  The fact that this is a plague of death recalls the tenth plauge in the Exodus story (Exodus 12:29-32) and the details recall the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah.  Again, there isn’t a satisfactory interpretation of who these angels or this army is.  It could be a literal army or a demonic one.  This big idea is an unfathomable invasion bringing unfathomable death. 
Another Exodus connection that we see is the refusal to repent on the part of the unbelieving world.  Just as Pharaoh hardened his heart and would not repent, lost humanity will refuse to repent despite God’s powerful display of judgment. Revelation 9:20-21 reads, “[20] The rest of mankind, who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands nor give up worshiping demons and idols of gold and silver and bronze and stone and wood, which cannot see or hear or walk, [21] nor did they repent of their murders or their sorceries or their sexual immorality or their thefts.” 
Notice something here.  The fact that we are told that the rest of mankind did not repent implies that one of God’s purposes in these judgments was for them to in fact repent.  Why the natural disasters?  Why the torment?  Why the death tolls?  The reason is so that those who remain will see the hand of God and repent.  These judgments are not meant to only judge wickedness in the world, although they are intended to do that.  They are also meant to turn people to God.
A good question to ask today is this: where will you turn when the world falls apart, when everything you place security in crumbles?  You might disagree, but it’s probably safe to say that if you won’t turn to God now, you probably won’t then.  This may be your last opportunity to even do so.  The world is going to fall apart one day and suffer this type of devastation.  Only those who have trusted in the person and work of the Lord Jesus Christ will be spared God’s wrath.  As in the Exodus story, on those who have been covered by the blood of the Lamb will see God’s wrath pass over them.  The reason this is true is because Christ has already bore the entirety of the wrath that they deserve in their place on the cross.  He has done that for you as well.  Will you repent and come to Him today? 

  1. DO NOT FEAR (9:4)

Just as the Israelites were protected during the Exodus plagues, so are the people of God in Revelation.  We are reminded here in 9:4 that God’s people have been sealed (7:1-8) and will therefore be protected from God’s wrath.  God’s people will not experience the wrath of God and they will not be separated from the love of God in Christ by any natural disaster or persecution.  These events will ultimately only result in their exodus from this fallen world into the eternal presence of God.
It is curious why so many believers seem to be frightened by what they read about in Revelation.  Maybe we should ask ourselves why such realities make us afraid.  When we fear someone or something other than God, we normally are experiencing unbelief on some level.  These verses are intended to make us fearless in the face of such events because we can trust that we will be protected from the wrath of God and preserved through the persecution and suffering of this world. 


[1] G.K. Beale & Don Carson, Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament, 1112

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